『保健医療科学』 2021 第70巻 第5号 p.532-537(2021年12月)
連載:東日本大震災からの10年―国立保健医療科学院からの発信̶ <総説>
医療福祉施設の地震対策と被害状況に関する調査研究
小林健一,柿沼倫弘
国立保健医療科学院医療・福祉サービス研究部
Studies on earthquake countermeasures and damage status of medical and welfare facilities
KOBAYASHI Kenichi, KAKINUMA Tomohiro
Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health
抄録
災害発生時も診療活動を止めることができない病院や,多くの避難困難者を抱える高齢者施設など,医療福祉施設における災害対策は重要な課題である.自然災害,とくに地震が多発するわが国においては,東日本大震災以前からも災害への備えと事業継続の重要性が指摘されており,建築設備(ハード面)や運営管理(ソフト面)双方において,さまざまな調査研究がなされてきている.
本稿では,東日本大震災およびその前後に発生した地震災害について実施された調査研究(ハード面,ソフト面)について概観し,どのような課題が指摘されてきたのかを概観する.
キーワード:医療施設,福祉施設,建築設備,地震対策
Abstract
Disaster preparedness is an important issue for medical and welfare facilities, such as hospitals, which must continue to engage in medical activities, even in the event of a disaster, and facilities for the elderly, which have many persons who have difficulty evacuating. In Japan, where natural disasters, especially earthquakes occur frequently, the importance of disaster preparedness and business continuity has been pointed out, even before the Great East Japan Earthquake. In addition, various studies have been conducted on both building facilities and management.
This paper provides an overview of the research and studies that have been conducted regarding earth- quakes and other natural disasters that occurred before and after the Great East Japan Earthquake, and introduces the issues that have been identified.
keywords:medical facility, welfare facility, architecture, earthquake countermeasures