『保健医療科学』 2023 第72巻 第2号 p.171－174（2023年5月）
＜研修報告＞令和 4 年度研究課程
ポジティブ心理学に基づく「漸進的使命感尺度」を用いた面接技法の開発と効果検証
山口 文子
Development and effectiveness verification of an interview technique using the “Expanded Sense of Mission Scale” based on positive psychology
YAMAGUCHI Fumiko
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to conduct trial interviews with regular workers using the Expanded Sense of Mission Scale developed by the author, clarify the interview technique, and verify the effectiveness.
Methods:1) Investigation of interview technique and interview process: A verbatim transcript was created from the recorded interview data, and a qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted.2) Development of an interview evaluation scale: A 34-item interview evaluation scale was drafted based on previous research, and a questionnaire survey was conducted. A factor analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood method and Promax rotation, and internal consistency and stability were examined by the retest method. In terms of external criteria for criteria-related validity, we used the Expanded Sense of Mission Scale and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale to obtain the correlation coefficient with the interview evaluation scale.3) Verification of the effectiveness of the interview: A questionnaire survey was conducted before and after the interview and one month later, and the amount of change in the interview evaluation scale, Expanded Sense of Mission Scale, and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was analyzed. Furthermore, we also analyzed the amount of change in each scale score before and one month after the interview between the intervention group and the control group (without interview).
Results:1) Six interview techniques were extracted, including “Interpretation of the Expanded Sense of Mission Scale and confirmation of self-awareness”, “Optimizing the meaning of work”, and “Life story and reframing of experiences”, and four stages of the interview process and interview techniques used in each phase were organized.2) We developed an interview evaluation scale consisting of 3 subscales and 11 items whose validity and reliability were confirmed.3) The interview evaluation scale scores were significantly higher immediately after the interview and one month later compared to before the interview. At 1 month after the interview, the intervention group had significantly higher scores on the interview scale than the control group.
Conclusion: The results suggest that interviews using the Expanded Sense of Mission Scale facilitated the construction of a new self-image and gave meaning to the work of the participants, and increased positive emotions and perceptions regarding work.
keywords: Expanding Sense of Mission, Expanded Sense of Mission Scale, Work engagement, positive psychology, interviewing technique