『保健医療科学』 2024 第73巻 第4号 p.273-282（2024年10月）
特集 : 多様な分野の行動変容研究と社会実装の現在
＜報告＞
佐世保市におけるナッジ理論を活用した歯周疾患検診受診勧奨ハガキ作成の取組みと歯周疾患検診受診率の年次推移
福田英輝1），志方朗子2），半田理恵2），北野久枝2）
1） 国立保健医療科学院
2） 佐世保市保健福祉部健康づくり課
Approaches to creating invitation postcards for periodontal check-ups using nudge theory and trends
in periodontal check-up participation rate in Sasebo City
FUKUDA Hideki1）， SHIKATA Akiko2），HANDA Rie2）， KITANO Hisae2）
1） National Institute of Public Health
2） Health Promotion Section, Department of Health and Welfare, Sasebo-City
＜抄録＞
目的：ナッジ理論を活用した各種検診への受診勧奨が着目されている．本報告は，長崎県佐世保市が作成したナッジ理論を活用した歯周疾患検診受診勧奨ハガキ作成の取組みについて，歯周疾患検診受診率の年次推移とともに報告する．
方法：佐世保市は，ナッジ理論を活用した受診勧奨ハガキを作成し，2021年 10 月末に 40歳，50 歳，および 60 歳の者，合計 3,642 人に送付した．受診勧奨ハガキを持参して歯周疾患検診を受診した 131人を対象として，受診勧奨ハガキの着目点等に関するアンケート調査を実施した．また，佐世保市衛生統計を用いて歯周疾患検診受診率を算出し，年次推移を検討するためJoinpoint解析を実施した．
結果：歯周疾患検診受診者のアンケート調査の結果，45.9％の者は「1年以上通院していない」であった．歯周疾患検診受診のきっかけとして「無料だから」，および歯科診療所の選択理由として「近所だから」とした者の割合は，40 歳の者で大きかった．ナッジ理論を活用した受診勧奨ハガキの着目箇所は，受診費用が無料であることを明示した個所が最も着目されていた．歯周疾患検診受診率は，ナッジを活用した受診勧奨ハガキの送付開始した 2021年度から有意に増加していた．
結論：ナッジ理論を活用した歯周疾患検診への受診勧奨ハガキでは，「無料」の箇所が最も着目されていた．また，受診勧奨ハガキの送付開始年度から歯周疾患検診受診率は有意に上昇していた．
キーワード：：歯周疾患検診，ナッジ理論，Joinpoint解析
Abstract
Objectives: Various screening recommendations using nudge theory have recently become a focus ofattention. We have reported an approach to creating an invitation postcard for screening for periodontal disease using nudge theory in Sasebo City, Nagasaki Prefecture, and observed the annual change in the participation rate of screening for periodontal disease.
Methods: An invitation postcard for screening for periodontal disease using nudge theory was designed by Sasebo City and sent to a total of 3,642 residents aged 40, 50, and 60 years at the end of October 2021.
A questionnaire survey on the focus points in the postcard was conducted on 131 persons who brought the postcard with them to receive screening for periodontal disease at the dental clinics. In addition, the annual participation rate of screening for periodontal disease was calculated using the Sasebo City Health Statistics, and a Joinpoint analysis was performed to evaluate the annual trends.
Results: The results of the questionnaire survey showed that 45.9% of the participants had not visited the dental clinic for more than one year. The percentage of respondents who chose "free screening" as the reason for receiving screening and "neighborhood" as the reason for choosing a dental clinic was significantly higher among those aged 40 years. The part of the postcard that received the most focus was the part that clearly stated that the screening was free. When the redesigned postcards were sent, the participation rate in periodontal screening increased significantly compared with the 2021 fiscal year.
Conclusion: The inclusion of "free" on the invitation postcards for screening for periodontal disease was the most attractive aspect to the target population. The participation rate of screening for periodontal disease increased after the redesigned postcards were sent.
keywords : screening for periodontal disease, nudge theory, joinpoint analysis