『保健医療科学』第68巻第2号、P89-95(2019年5月)
特集：健康危機管理 ―産学官連携を通じて次の災害に備えるために― ＜総説＞
冨尾淳
東京大学大学院医学系研究科公衆衛生学
抄録
大規模災害等の健康危機への対処には多機関の連携・調整が不可欠であるが，その中でも医療機関が担うべき役割は大きい．本稿では，米国の医療機関を中心に広く用いられている緊急事態マネジメントシステム（Incident Management System）である，Hospital Incident Command System（HICS）の概要を実際の適用事例とともに解説し，わが国における導入の可能性と課題について考察した．HICSの導入により，多機関・多業種の連携による効果的な災害医療対応の実現が期待されるが，小規模な医療機関での運用など検証すべき点も多い．地域のリスク情報を継続的に共有し，健康危機発生時に効果的・効率的な医療提供が可能となるような連携の場の構築が求められる
キーワード：健康危機管理，大規模災害，医療機関
Abstract
In order to cope with a health crisis such as a large-scale disaster, coordination among multiple institutions and agencies is essential, but among them, medical institutions should play a major role. This article describes the outline of the Hospital Incident Command System (HICS), which is an Incident Management System that is widely used in medical institutions in the United States. The possibilities and issues involved in introducing HICS in Japan are also discussed. The introduction of HICS is expected to realize effective disaster medical care through collaboration between multiple agencies and industries, but many points, such as operations at small medical instructions, remain to be verified. There is a need to establish a collaborative framework that can continuously shares regional risk information and provide effective and efficient medical care when a health crisis occurs.
keywords: Hospital Incident Command System, Health Crisis Management, major disasters, hospital