『保健医療科学』 2021 第70巻 第5号 p.538-548（2021年12月）
連載：東日本大震災からの10年―国立保健医療科学院からの発信̶ ＜総説＞
東日本大震災以降の応急給水活動に関連した取り組みと重要給水施設での給水確保
小坂浩司 1)，下ヶ橋雅樹 2)，秋葉道宏 1)
1)国立保健医療科学院生活環境研究部
2)叡啓大学ソーシャルシステムデザイン学部
Activities related to emergency water supply and securing drinking water for important target facilities of water supply after the Great East Earthquake
KOSAKA Koji 1), SAGEHASHI Masaki 2), AKIBA Michihiro 1)
1) Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health
2) Department of Social System Design, Eikei University of Hiroshima
抄録
東日本大震災やその後の災害において，水道は大きな断水被害を受けた.水道は重要なライフラインであり，断水によって日常生活や社会経済活動が大きく影響を受ける.東日本大震災等の災害を教訓とし，応急給水活動を含め，災害対応に関連した手引き等は改訂，あるいは新たに作成された.水道施設の耐震化が進められ，特に病院等の重要給水施設への対策は優先的に実施された.水質事故の経験を踏まえ，摂取制限を伴う給水継続の考え方が示され，その後，災害時の適用事例も報告された.
キーワード：水道，応急給水，重要給水施設，災害時の水質管理，断水
Abstract
In the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent disasters, the water supply system was severely damaged. Since water supply is an important lifeline, daily life and socioeconomic activities are greatly affected by cutoff water supply. Based on the experience from the Great East Japan Earthquake and other disasters, guidances related to disaster responses including emergency water supply activities were revised or newly developed. The earthquake-resistant of water supply facilities has been promoted, and measures for important target facilities of water supply such as hospitals have been conducted with priority. From the experience of the water quality accident, the concept of continued water supply with restricted intake was developed. The concept was applied in some disasters since them.
keywords:：water supply, emergency water supply, important target facility of water supply, water quality management in disaster, cutoff of water supply
