『保健医療科学』 2023 第72巻 第3号 p.233-241(2023年8月)
特集 : 身の回りに潜む健康リスクと我が国の安全管理への取組—<総説>
室内空気質と化学物質
金勲,下ノ薗慧
国立保健医療科学院生活環境研究部
Indoor air quality and chemical substances
KIM Hoon, SHIMONOSONO Kei
Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health
抄録
厚生労働省の室内空気中化学物質の室内濃度指針値(厚生労働省指針値)(1997 ~ 2002)と改正建築基準法(2003)が施行されてから 20 年が経過し,室内空気質には多くの改善が見られた.また,厚生労働省指針値は 2019年 4 月に既存3物質の濃度指針が改正・強化された.一方で,規制物質を避けるために代替物質に移行する問題は今後も継続的に対処すべき課題である.
今後も議論の対象となる化学物質として考えられるものは,2E1H(2-Ethyl-l-hexanol),Texanol(2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate),TXIB(2,2,4-Trimethylpentane-1,3-diyl diisobutyrate),天然木材成分であるピネン(Pinene)やリモネン(Limonene)のようなテルペン(Terpene)類,可塑剤・難燃剤成分,防虫剤・殺虫剤,芳香剤・消臭剤や洗剤に含まれる香り成分などが挙げられる.
現代社会で化学物質と接しない生活は不可能である.化学物質だから全てが有害という訳ではなく,なるべく低い濃度にする努力をしながら合理的に対処し,賢く付き合うことが重要である.
キーワード:室内空気質,シックハウス症候群,化学物質,香り成分
Abstract
It has now been more than 20 years since the establishment of the MHLW Guidelines (1997-2002) and the revised Building Code (2003) came into force, and there has been a dramatic improvement in indoor air quality since that time. In addition, guideline valnes on the concentrations of three substances were revised and strengthened in the MHLW guidelines in April 2019. The issue of shifting to alternative substances to avoid these regulations is an ongoing challenge that needs to be addressed.
Possible pollutants that will continue to be discussed include benzene, 2E1H, texanol, TXIB, terpenes such as pinene and limonene, which are components emitted from natural woods, plasticizers and flame retardants, insect repellents and insecticides, fragrance components in air fresheners, deodorants, and detergents.
It is impossible to live without contacting chemicals in modern society. While not all chemicals are harmful, we need to deal with them rationally, making efforts to keep concentrations as low as possible, and to live with them wisely.
keywords: : indoor air quality, sick house syndrome, chemicals, fragrances