『保健医療科学』 保健医療科学 2025 Vol.74 No.4 p.376- 383(2025年10月)
特集:障害者の就労を通じたダイバーシティ・エクイティ&インクルージョンの再考
<報告>
高次脳機能障害者の就労支援の実際―公衆衛生の立場から―
椿本香理1),松本直之2)
1) 江戸川区福祉部障害者福祉課障害相談第一係
2)地域活動支援センターはるえ野
A practical report on employment support services for people
with higher brain dysfunction: From a public health perspective
TSUBAKIMOTO Kaori1),MATSUMOTO Naoyuki2)
1) Section of Disability Welfare, Edogawa City Office (Tokyo)
2) Community Activity Support Center Harueno
<抄録>
高次脳機能障害者への相談支援は,障害者総合支援法の地域生活支援事業で定められている.本稿では,高次脳機能障害者に対する就労支援の実際として,地域の障害者支援の実践者と,地域の高次脳機能障害支援機関へのインタビューを実施し,その内容を整理した.その結果,高次脳機能障害者に対する就労支援では「課題と対応の可視化・生活基盤の安定・職場調整を中心とした支援と,一般的手法の応用的実践」「退院後から職場復帰までの支援における連続性の課題への実践」「働くことを通して人生を再構築している過程を共にする姿勢と,本人主体の支援」という特徴のある支援が行われていた.高次脳機能障害支援機関では,「専門性を持った柔軟な生活支援(医療連携と早期介入,就労支援までの橋渡し,制度・支援のコーディネートと同行支援)」「ネットワーク構築(就労を希望する仲間同士,医療・生活・就労の関係機関)」「関係機関への後方支援(知識・情報・助言の提供)」が行われていた.これらの活動は,①入院中から復職・再就職を見据えた地域支援者の早期介入と支援分断の予防的対応,②医療・就労支援・企業との連携強化および専門的後方支援,③働くことを通して人生を再構築していくプロセスにおける生活支援者の伴走的支援,であり,公衆衛生活動としての意義を持つものである.
キーワード:高次脳機能障害,障害者就労,公衆衛生
Abstract
Consultation support for individuals with higher brain dysfunction is stipulated in the community living support project of the Comprehensive Support for Persons with Disabilities Act. This paper reports the actual employment support for individuals with higher brain dysfunction by conducting interviews with practitioners of local disability support and institutions that provide support for higher brain dysfunction in the community and organizing their contents. As a result, the employment support for individuals with higher brain dysfunction had characteristics and challenges such as “support focused on the visualization of issues and their responses, stabilizing the living foundation, and workplace adjustments, along with the applicability of general methods; challenges of continuity in support from discharge to returning to work; and an attitude of being together in the process of econstructing life through work, with the support centered on the individual.” At the organization supporting higher brain function disorders, practices included “implementation of flexible living support with expertise (bridging medical cooperation and early intervention to employment support, coordination of systems and support, and accompanying support),” “network building practices (among peers wishing to work, and agencies related to medical care, living, and employment),”and “practices of rear support to related agencies (providing knowledge, information, and advice).” These are: (1)early intervention by community supporters with a focus on returning to work or reemployment during hospitalization, and preventive measures to avoid disruption of support. (2) strengthening collaboration among medical, employment support, and businesses, along with specialized backend support. (3) life supporters accompanying individuals in the process of reconstructing their lives through work. These have significance as public health activities.
keywords : higher brain dysfunction,employment support services,public health
