『保健医療科学』 保健医療科学 2026 Vol.75 No.2 p.119－124
特集： 多様な主体によるプレコンセプションケアの推進
＜報告＞
山梨県におけるプレコンセプションケアの推進－普及啓発・プレコン健診・相談支援による多層的実践－
上田美穂1），三神恭子2），保坂香葉子3），菅野れな4），菊嶋雅代5），小林秀一6）
山梨県総合県民支援局 子育て・次世代サポート課
Promotion of Preconception Care in Yamanashi Prefecture:Multilayered Practice Involving Public Awareness, Preconception Checkups, and Counseling Support
UEDA Miho1），MIKAMI Kyoko 2），HOSAKA Kayoko3）， KANNO Rena4），KIKUSHIMA Masayo5） ，KOBAYASHI Shuichi6）
Child-Rearing and Next-Generation Support Division,Department of Prefectural Citizen Support,Yamanashi Prefectural Government
＜抄録＞
山梨県では，少子化の進行および県民の妊娠・出産に対する知識不足が調査で明らかになったことを背景に，プレコンセプションケアを若年期からの健康支援の基盤として位置づけ，普及啓発，プレコン健診，SNS相談からなる多層的アプローチにより展開してきた．本報告の目的は，これらの取組の成果と課題を整理し，今後の施策展開に資する知見を提示することである．普及啓発では，大学生，企業の若手職員・経営者層を対象としたセミナーを実施し，いずれも高い満足度が参加者から得られた．特に経営者層向けセミナーでは約 6 割が取組への意向を示し，これらセミナーを契機に企業がセミナーを自主開催する動きも認められた．また，プレコン健診の開始に合わせ，誰でも視聴可能なeラーニングを導入し，オンラインでも学べる環境を整備した．なお，このeラーニングについては，プレコン健診の受診前必須研修として位置づけている．SNS相談は，プレコン健診に先行して開始し，月経トラブルや不妊に関する疑問や不安などについて，専門家へ気軽に相談できる体制を整えている．プレコン健診は令和6年度の開始から令和8年3月上旬までに計4,310人が受診し，当初の目標を大
きく上回った．健診結果所見からはビタミンD・亜鉛不足，BMI基準値未満，風疹ワクチンの推奨などの課題が明らかとなり，若年女性の健康課題の把握と相談・受診への接点として一定の有効性が示唆された．健診結果後アンケートからは，生活習慣改善への意向が約 7 割と高く，産婦人科受診の意向も確認された．一方で，プレコン健診の県財政負担，健診実施機関の地域偏在，若年層へのさらなるアプローチ，男性へのアプローチの限定性など，改善すべき課題も明らかになった．今後は，学校教育・地域保健・職域との連携による学習機会の拡充，若者参画型の普及啓発，持続可能な健診制度の構築，男性支援の強化，効果検証体制の検討が必要である．
キーワード：プレコンセプションケア，若年期の健康支援，プレコン健診，普及啓発，多層的アプローチ
Abstract
In Yamanashi Prefecture, declining birth rates and limited public knowledge regarding pregnancy and childbirth—identified by recent surveys—underscore the need to position preconception care (PCC) as a cornerstone of health support starting from adolescence. Accordingly, the prefecture has implemented a multilayered approach comprising public awareness initiatives, preconception health checkups, and social media–based consultations. This report summarizes the achievements and challenges of these efforts and provides informative insights for future policy development.Public awareness activities included seminars for university students, young professionals, and corporate executives, all of which provided high participant satisfaction. In particular, approximately 60% of executive participants expressed their intention to engage in PCC-related initiatives, and some companies subsequently introduced their own seminars. With the launch of preconception health checkups, an open-access e-learning program was introduced to enhance access to PCC knowledge. Individuals are now required to complete this program before undergoing the checkup.The social media–based consultation service, which had been initiated before preconception health checkups were available, provides a platform where individuals can easily seek expert advice on menstrual issues, infertility concerns, and other related questions or anxieties.Since preconception health checkups started in FY2024, a total of 4,310 individuals have participated as of early March 2026, far exceeding the initial expectations. The checkup results revealed several health concerns—including vitamin D and zinc deficiencies, underweight BMI, and indications for rubella vaccination—suggesting the usefulness of the checkups to identify health issues in young women and to serve as a starting point for consultations and medical care. Post-checkup survey data further indicated that approximately 70% of participants intended to make lifestyle improvements, and many expressed willingness to seek obstetric and gynecological care.At the same time, challenges that emerged include the financial burden borne by the prefecture, regional disparities in the availability of checkup facilities, the need to reach more young people, and limited involvement of men. Future priorities include the enhancement of learning opportunities by collaborating with schools, community health services, and workplaces; the adoption of public awareness approaches involving youth participation; the establishment of a sustainable checkup system; strengthening of support for men;and the development of a program evaluation framework.
keywords : preconception care, health support for young adults, preconception checkups, public awareness,multilayered approach (accepted for publication, March 25, 2026)